Apple cider vinegar is a popular health tonic that some people take in hopes of lowering high blood pressure. However, apple cider vinegar can interact with certain blood pressure medications. Here’s what you need to know about taking apple cider vinegar if you take medication to treat hypertension.
How apple cider vinegar might affect blood pressure
Apple cider vinegar contains acetic acid, which is a main active component that may be responsible for its health effects. Some small studies suggest acetic acid may have a modest ability to lower high blood pressure. However, the evidence is limited and more research is needed.
In one rat study, acetic acid was able to reduce high blood pressure after 4 weeks of treatment. Another small study in people found that drinking 1-2 tablespoons (15-30 mL) of apple cider vinegar per day for 12 weeks lowered systolic blood pressure by 6 points compared to a placebo.
Researchers believe acetic acid may work by blocking enzyme activity that raises blood pressure. It may also promote the release of nitric oxide, a compound that helps relax and dilate blood vessels.
However, it’s important to keep in mind that the reduction seen in studies was relatively modest. Larger, more robust studies are needed.
Potential risks of mixing apple cider vinegar and blood pressure medication
While evidence on apple cider vinegar lowering blood pressure is limited, there may be concerns with combining it with blood pressure medication.
Blood pressure medications work in different ways to lower blood pressure. Some common types include:
- ACE inhibitors. These widen or relax blood vessels to improve blood flow.
- Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). These block the effects of a chemical that narrows blood vessels.
- Beta-blockers. These reduce how hard the heart pumps and slow heart rate.
- Calcium channel blockers. These also relax blood vessels and slow heart rate.
- Diuretics or “water pills.” These remove excess fluid and salt from the body to reduce blood pressure.
The acids in apple cider vinegar may interact with some of these medications. For example, ACE inhibitors and ARBs work by targeting an enzyme called ACE. Research shows acetic acid in vinegars can inhibit ACE activity.
Therefore, combining apple cider vinegar with an ACE inhibitor could enhance the blood pressure lowering effect. While this might sound beneficial, it may increase the risk of side effects like low blood pressure, dizziness, and electrolyte imbalances.
Apple cider vinegar could also potentially interact with diuretics. Since apple cider vinegar acts as a mild diuretic itself, taking it with diuretic medication might also exaggerate blood pressure lowering and fluid loss.
Should you take apple cider vinegar if you take blood pressure medication?
In general, it’s best to avoid taking apple cider vinegar if you also take medication to lower blood pressure. Combining the two increases the risk of negative interactions and side effects.
If you want to try apple cider vinegar, talk to your healthcare provider first. They can look at the specific medication you take and help determine if it’s safe to use apple cider vinegar as a supplement.
Never stop or change your blood pressure medication on your own without medical supervision. Sudden changes can be extremely dangerous.
Tips for taking apple cider vinegar with blood pressure medication
If your healthcare provider says it’s OK for you to try apple cider vinegar, keep these tips in mind:
- Start with a low dose like 1 teaspoon (5 mL) mixed with water per day.
- Avoid taking it within 2–3 hours of taking your blood pressure medication.
- Check your blood pressure regularly to monitor any changes.
- Watch for potential side effects like dizziness, lightheadedness, nausea, headache, rapid heartbeat, and muscle cramps.
- Tell your doctor right away if your blood pressure drops too low or you experience any concerning symptoms.
Your healthcare provider can help determine the safest dose for you based on the medications you take.
Other ways to lower high blood pressure
Making lifestyle modifications can help lower your blood pressure and reduce your risk of complications like heart attack and stroke. Try these natural remedies:
- Lose extra weight. Excess weight strains your heart and blood vessels. Losing just 5–10 pounds can make a significant impact.
- Exercise more. Aim for at least 30 minutes per day of activity like brisk walking, swimming, or cycling. Strength training is also great for reducing blood pressure.
- Eat a healthy diet. Focus on whole foods like vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, high-fiber grains, and healthy fats like olive oil and avocados.
- Limit alcohol. Drinking more than moderate amounts of alcohol regularly can raise your blood pressure.
- Reduce stress. Finding healthy stress relief strategies like yoga, meditation, or speaking with a therapist can all help lower blood pressure.
Making lifestyle changes along with taking blood pressure medication as prescribed by your doctor gives you the best chance of getting your blood pressure into a healthy range.
The bottom line
It’s generally not recommended to take apple cider vinegar if you take medication to lower high blood pressure. Apple cider vinegar has the potential to interact with many blood pressure medications, either enhancing or reducing their effects.
However, you may be able to incorporate a small amount of apple cider vinegar into your diet safely. Talk to your healthcare provider before trying it. They can help you determine if apple cider vinegar is safe in your specific situation.
The best approach for managing high blood pressure includes taking all medications as prescribed and making lifestyle changes. Your doctor can create a tailored treatment plan to help reduce your blood pressure and keep it at a healthy level.