Blackheads in the armpits are a common occurrence for many people. The armpits provide an ideal environment for blackheads to form due to the many sweat glands, hair follicles, and friction from skin rubbing together in this area of the body. Understanding what causes blackheads in the armpits and how to properly care for them can help reduce their frequency and improve the appearance of the underarm skin.
What Causes Blackheads in the Armpits
Blackheads occur when the pores in the skin become clogged with dead skin cells, oil (sebum), and bacteria. This clog forms a plug that blocks the opening of the pore and causes a buildup of sebum behind it. When the sebum is exposed to air, it oxidizes and turns black, resulting in the characteristic black color of blackheads.
There are several factors that make the armpits prone to developing blackheads:
- Sweat glands – The armpits contain a high concentration of sweat glands called apocrine glands. These glands produce sweat that contains oily substances that can contribute to clogged pores.
- Friction – The constant friction from your arms rubbing against the skin of the armpits can lead to a buildup of dead skin cells that can clog pores.
- Shaving – Shaving the armpits can cause ingrown hairs and irritation that blocks pores.
- Deodorant/antiperspirant – Some ingredients in deodorants and antiperspirants, like alcohol, can irritate the skin and lead to excess oil production, causing clogged pores.
- Bacteria – Bacteria that thrive in warm, moist environments like the armpits can contribute to clogged pores and blackhead formation.
- Hormones – Hormonal changes during puberty, menstruation, and pregnancy can increase oil production and sweat, leading to more clogged pores.
- Genetics – Some people are just more prone to developing blackheads due to the structure and oiliness of their skin.
How to Prevent and Treat Blackheads in the Armpits
While you can’t always prevent blackheads from forming in the armpits, there are ways to reduce their occurrence. Here are some tips for clearing existing armpit blackheads and stopping new ones from developing:
Exfoliate Regularly
Exfoliating the armpits helps slough off dead skin cells before they have a chance to clog pores. Use a gentle scrub or loofah when bathing two to three times a week. Be careful not to scrub too aggressively, which can cause irritation.
Use an Antibacterial Cleanser
Washing with a cleanser containing benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid can help kill bacteria in the pores and loosen clogs. Look for a formula designed for body acne and apply it to the armpits when showering daily.
Apply Retinoids
Retinoids like adapalene can help keep pores clear by exfoliating dead skin cells and reducing oil production. After cleansing, apply a thin layer of retinoid gel or cream to the armpits at bedtime.
Avoid Hair Removal Methods That Irritate Skin
Skip shaving in favor of depilatory creams or waxing. Or look for single-blade razors designed to reduce irritation. Be sure to moisturize after hair removal to avoid dryness and ingrown hairs.
Use Antiperspirant, Not Deodorant
Switch to an aluminum-based antiperspirant rather than a fragrance-based deodorant. Antiperspirants not only fight odor but also limit sweat production, which can help reduce clogged pores.
Wear Loose Clothing
Choose loose, breathable fabrics like cotton to allow ventilation and minimize friction around the armpits. Avoid tight clothing that restricts airflow and causes rubbing of the skin.
Apply a Chemical Peel
An at-home glycolic acid peel can help dissolve dead skin cells and debris inside clogged pores. Use once a week after cleansing the armpits. Rinse off after 5-10 minutes.
Extract Blackheads Properly
Resist picking! Improper extraction can damage skin and make blackheads worse. Instead, use a sterile extractor tool to gently remove blackheads after steaming the area to open pores. Follow up with a light salicylic acid product to keep pores clear.
When to See a Dermatologist
For recurring or severe blackheads that don’t respond to self-care, make an appointment with a dermatologist. They can extract stubborn blackheads and provide treatments like:
- Prescription acne medication
- Chemical peels
- Steroid injections to reduce inflammation
- Laser therapy to exfoliate skin and destroy oil glands
A dermatologist can also rule out other potential causes of underarm bumps like hair growth disorders or cysts.
Home Remedies to Try
In addition to over-the-counter skincare products, some natural ingredients may help clear armpit blackheads when applied topically:
Tea Tree Oil
Tea tree oil contains antibacterial and anti-inflammatory compounds that can help fight acne-causing bacteria. Mix a few drops into a carrier oil like coconut oil and dab onto blackheads 2-3 times per week.
Apple Cider Vinegar
The acids in apple cider vinegar can exfoliate dead skin and dissolve blackhead gunk. Dip a cotton ball in diluted ACV and swipe over armpits before rinsing. Repeat 1-2 times a week.
Bentonite Clay
Clays like bentonite have absorbent properties that draw out impurities from clogged pores. Form a paste with water and apply to armpits for 5-10 minutes before washing off. Use 1-2 times per week.
Turmeric
Turmeric contains antioxidants and antimicrobial compounds that may fight bacteria. Make a paste with water or yogurt and apply to underarms. Allow to sit 10 minutes before rinsing off.
Sugar Scrub
A homemade scrub of sugar mixed with honey, oils or aloe can gently exfoliate the armpits. Scrub in a circular motion before showering. Rinse well and moisturize after.
Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Armpit Blackheads
Making certain lifestyle adjustments may also be beneficial for clearing up armpit blackheads:
- Practice good hygiene by washing armpits daily
- Apply powder absorbers like aluminum chloride to reduce sweat
- Avoid irritating perfumes and scented products
- Wear breathable fabrics like cotton to allow ventilation
- Shower immediately after exercise or sweaty activities
- Maintain a healthy diet and weight to avoid excess sweating
- Reduce stress which can increase oil production and sweating
When to See a Doctor
Consult a doctor if armpit blackheads are severe, painful, or don’t clear up with home treatment. A doctor can assess for underlying conditions like:
- Hidradenitis suppurativa – chronic inflammatory skin condition causing boil-like lumps.
- PCOS – hormonal disorder causing excess androgen activity, leading to increased oil production.
- Diabetes – can cause excess sweating and infections.
- Cancer – persistent rash or lump needs evaluation to rule out lymphoma.
Seeking timely medical care is recommended if armpit blackheads are accompanied by signs like redness, swelling, oozing, bruising, or tender lumps or bumps under the skin.
Summary
Blackheads in the armpits are a nuisance but common condition for many. Causes include the abundance of sweat glands, friction, shaving methods, and products applied to the area. Proper cleansing, exfoliation, anti-acne topicals, and gentle extractions can help. For stubborn cases, see a dermatologist for clinical treatments. With consistent care, you can minimize annoying armpit blackheads and enjoy smoother, brighter underarm skin.